ANIMALS: RECAP THE CONCEPTS


Living Things

  • Living things can be grouped into Animals, Plants, Bacteria and Fungi.


  • The characteristics of all living things:

    • need air, food and water to stay alive,

    • respond to changes around them,

    • move by themselves,

    • grow,

    • reproduce and

    • die.


Mammals

  • have an outer body covering of hair / fur.

  • produce milk to feed their young.

  • breathe atmospheric air using their lungs.

  • most mammals give birth to their young alive. Some special mammals like platypus and spiny anteaters lay eggs.

  • most are warm-blooded (maintains a constant body temperature)

  • human, bear, bat, whale and dolphin are some examples of mammals.


Birds

  • have an outer body covering of feathers.

  • have a beak, a pair of wings and a pair of legs.

  • reproduce by laying eggs (hard shell).

  • most bird have the ability to fly. Some special birds like penguin, ostrich and emu cannot fly.

  • warm-blooded

  • chicken, peacock and parrot are some examples of birds.


Fish

  • use gills to breathe, taking in dissolved oxygen from the water.

  • have an outer body covering of scales.

  • most fish reproduce by laying eggs. Some special fish like swordtail fish and guppies give birth to their young alive.

  • cold-blooded (body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature)

  • shark, salmon and tuna are some examples of fish.


Insects

  • have 6 legs.

  • have 3 body parts: head (with feelers), thorax and abdomen.

  • have a hard outer covering called the exoskeleton
    They moult in order to grow larger.

  • cold-blooded

  • grasshopper, ant and mosquito are some examples of insects.


Reptiles

  • have dry skin covered with scales.

  • breathe using lungs.

  • reproduce by laying eggs that have a leathery shell.

  • cold-blooded

  • lizard, snake, turtle and crocodile are some examples of reptiles.


Amphibians

  • lay eggs with jelly-like covering in water; young live in water.

  • the young of amphibians take in dissolved oxygen from the water using gills.

  • adult amphibians live on land and can breathe atmospheric air using both moist skin and lungs.
    They can also take in dissolved oxygen in the water through the moist skin.

  • cold-blooded

  • frog, toad and salamander are some examples of amphibians.


Practice: Mastering Keywords

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